Research
Risk of hematological malignancies associated with magnetic fields exposure from power lines: a case-control study in two municipalities of northern Italy
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* Corresponding author: Marco Vinceti marco.vinceti@unimore.it
1 CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
2 LARMA - Laboratory of Environmental Analysis, Surveying and Environmental Monitoring, Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Vignolese 905, 41125 Modena, Italy
3 Local Health Unit of Reggio Emilia, via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
4 ARPA - Emilia Romagna Environmental Protection Agency, section of Reggio Emilia, via Amendola 2, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
5 ARPA - Emilia Romagna Environmental Protection Agency, section of Modena, via Fontanelli 23, 41121 Modena, Italy
6 Department of Mother and Child, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy
Environmental Health 2010, 9:16 doi:10.1186/1476-069X-9-16
Published: 30 March 2010Abstract
Background
Some epidemiologic studies have suggested an association between electromagnetic field exposure induced by high voltage power lines and childhood leukemia, but null results have also been yielded and the possibility of bias due to unmeasured confounders has been suggested.
Methods
We studied this relation in the Modena and Reggio Emilia municipalities of northern Italy, identifying the corridors along high voltage power lines with calculated magnetic field intensity in the 0.1-<0.2, 0.2-<0.4, and ≥ 0.4 microTesla ranges. We identified 64 cases of newly-diagnosed hematological malignancies in children aged <14 within these municipalities from 1986 to 2007, and we sampled four matched controls for each case, collecting information on historical residence and parental socioeconomic status of these subjects.
Results
Relative risk of leukemia associated with antecedent residence in the area with exposure ≥ 0.1 microTesla was 3.2 (6.7 adjusting for socioeconomic status), but this estimate was statistically very unstable, its 95% confidence interval being 0.4-23.4, and no indication of a dose-response relation emerged. Relative risk for acute lymphoblastic leukemia was 5.3 (95% confidence interval 0.7-43.5), while there was no increased risk for the other hematological malignancies.
Conclusions
Though the number of exposed children in this study was too low to allow firm conclusions, results were more suggestive of an excess risk of leukemia among exposed children than of a null relation.