|
Associations between night rMSSD and individual PM2.5 metal exposures |
||||||
| Model 1 |
Model 2 |
|||||
| Metal |
Metal |
Particulate |
||||
| β1 |
95% CI |
β1 |
95% CI |
β2 |
95% CI |
|
|
|
||||||
| Al |
-0.642** |
(-1.07, -0.209) |
-0.138 |
(-2.22, 1.95) |
-0.004 |
(-0.022, 0.013) |
| Cr |
-12.54* |
(-29.38, 4.30) |
3.40 |
(-19.22, 26.02) |
-0.006* |
(-0.014, 0.001) |
| Cu |
-0.294 |
(-1.38, 0.786) |
0.093 |
(-0.613, 0.799) |
-0.006** |
(-0.010, -0.001) |
| Fe |
-0.013** |
(-0.023, -0.002) |
-0.002 |
(-0.032, 0.028) |
-0.005 |
(-0.016, 0.007) |
| Mn |
-0.130** |
(-0.162, -0.098) |
-0.145* |
(-0.348, 0.058) |
0.001 |
(-0.009, 0.010) |
| Ni |
-4.76 |
(-24.69, 15.16) |
1.03 |
(-11.10, 13.16) |
-0.006** |
(-0.010, -0.001) |
| Pb |
-11.90 |
(-38.72, 14.92) |
-0.545 |
(-23.61, 22.53) |
-0.005** |
(-0.010, -0.0004) |
| Zn |
-0.108 |
(-1.06, 0.849) |
0.105 |
(-0.625, 0.834) |
-0.006** |
(-0.011, -0.001) |
|
Model 1: mixed effects linear regression models for each individual metal, adjusted for baseline night rMSSD and smoking status. Model 2: mixed effects linear regression models with each individual metal and PM2.5, adjusted for baseline night rMSSD and smoking status. Regression coefficients (β) are expressed as change in msec of night rMSSD per 1 μg/m3 increase in exposure after adjusting for baseline HRV, smoking status and with or without adjustment for total PM2.5. *p < 0.10 **p < 0.05 | ||||||
Cavallari et al. Environmental Health 2008 7:36 doi:10.1186/1476-069X-7-36 |
||||||