Table 1

Reproductive outcomes investigated in the Swedish Fishermen's Families Cohorts.

Exposure

Unit of observation

Outcome¹

Cohort affiliation

Childhood exposure²

Fish consumption

CB-153³

p,p'-DDE⁴

Man

Sperm motility

-

-

-

↓ [16]

↓ [16]

Sperm concentration

-

-

-

0 [16]

0 [16]

Semen volume

-

-

-

0 [16]

0 [16]

Total sperm count

-

-

-

0 [16]

0 [16]

Sperm chromatin integrity

-

-

-

↓ [20]

(↓) [20]

Y:X chromosome ratio

-

-

-

↓ [21]

↓ [21]

Seminal levels of markers of epididymal and accessory sex gland function

-

-

-

0 [19]

0 [19]

Hormone parameters

-

-

-

0 [16]

0 [16]

Woman

Age at menarche

0 [38]

↓ [38]

-

-

-

Menstrual cycle length

↓ [91]

0 [91]

(↓) [91]

0 [91]

-

Miscarriages and stillbirths

NC [17, 25, 40]

0 [25, 40]

0 [25]

NC [26, 40]

-

Couple

Time to pregnancy

NC [24, 25]

0 [24, 25]

0 [24, 25]

0 [26, 33]

-

Infant/child

Birth weight

↓ [14, 17]

↓ [41]

↓ [41]

↓ [31]

-

Birth length

0 [14, 17]

-

-

-

-

Head circumference

↓ [14, 17]

-

-

-

-

Gender ratio

NC [14, 17]

-

-

-

-

Malformations

0 [17, 43]

-

-

-

-

¹ Arrows indicate the effect associated with each exposure, with parenthesis for those effects not found to be of a noteworthy size but not statistically significant. A "0" means that no effect was found, and "NC" signifies non conclusive results.

² Growing up in a fisherman's family and/or fishing village

³ 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl

⁴ 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-ethylene

Axmon et al. Environmental Health 2008 7:20   doi:10.1186/1476-069X-7-20