Table 1

Characteristics of the Cohort of Adult Offspring of BEN Patients and Controls



2003/04
2004/05


Offspring of BEN patients, n = 102 (%)
Offspring of control patients, n = 99 (%)
Offspring of BEN patients, n = 93 (%)
Offspring of control patients, n = 96 (%)

Gender
Men
50.0
47.5
48.8
47.9
Age
30–40
32.4
15.5
32.3
15.6

41–55
43.1
57.6
43.0
58.3

56 plus
24.5
27.3
24.7
26.0
Place of birth
BEN village
95.0
72.7
94.6
72.9
Smoking status
current smoker
39.2
34.4
38.7
35.4

ex-smoker
22.6
12.1
21.5
12.5

non-smoker
38.2
53.5
39.8
52.1
Diabetes

7.8
6.1
5.4
7.3
Hypertension in the offspring ξ

30.4
19.2
32.3
22.9
Other urinary tract diseases
kidney cancer
2.0
0
2.2
0

kidney stones
10.8
4.0
10.8
6.5

Pyelonephritis
10.8
0
9.7
1

Hydronephrosis
1
0
1
0

Cystitis
3.9
5.1
5.4
5.2
BSA # mean (standard deviation)
1.87 (0.22)
1.82 (0.21)
1.86 (0.18)
1.81 (0.17)


ξ Systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 and/or diastolic ≥ 90 mm Hg [41]

# BSA = square root ((height in cm × weight in kg)/3600).

The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) is the between- subject minus the within- subject variance as a ratio to the sum of the two variances. A positive value of, for instance, 0.60 indicates that 60% of the variation is due to between-subject and 40% due to within-subject variance. ICC can become negative when the within-subject variance exceeds the between-subject variance.

Karmaus et al. Environmental Health 2008 7:11   doi:10.1186/1476-069X-7-11