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Summary of near-highway pollution gradients |
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| Citation |
Location |
Highway traffic intensitya |
Pollutants measuredb |
Observed Pollution Gradients |
|
|
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| Shi et al. 1999 (6) |
Birmingham, UK |
30,000 veh/d |
UFP + FP (10-104 nm) |
2–100 m c |
| Zhu et al. 2002 (8) |
Los Angeles; Freeway 710 |
12,180 veh/h |
UFP, CO, BC |
17–300 m c |
| Zhu et al. 2002 (7) |
Los Angeles; Freeway 405 |
13,900 veh/h |
UFP, CO, BC |
30–300 m c |
| Hitchins et al. 2002 (11) |
Brisbane (Austr.) |
2,130–3,400 veh/h |
UFP + FP (15-2 × 104 nm), PM2.5 |
15–375 m c |
| Fischer et al. 2000 (13) |
Amsterdam |
<3,000–30,974 veh/d |
PM2.5, PM10, PPAH, VOCs |
NA |
| Roorda-Knape et al. 1998 (14) |
Netherlands |
80,000–152,000 veh/d |
PM2.5, PM10, BC, VOCs, NO2 |
15–330 m c |
| Janssen et al. 2001 (15) |
Netherlands |
40,000–170,000 veh/d |
PM2.5, VOCs, NO2 |
< 400 m c |
| Morawska et al. 1999 (12) |
Brisbane (Austr.) |
NA |
UFP |
10–210 m c |
|
aAs defined in article cited (veh/d = vehicles per day; veh/h = vehicles per hour). bUFP = ultrafine particles; FP = fine particles; PM2.5 = particles with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 um; PM10 = particles with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 um; BC = black carbon; PPAH = particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; VOCs = volatile organic compounds cPollutant measurements were made along a transect away from the highway NA = not applicable; measurements were not made. | ||||
Brugge et al. Environmental Health 2007 6:23 doi:10.1186/1476-069X-6-23 |
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