Table 4 |
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|
Neuropsychological results in 30 PCB-exposed and 30 control subjects |
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|
Raw Values |
T-Scores1 |
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|
|
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|
PCB |
Contr. |
PCB |
Contr. |
Effect sizes |
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|
|
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|
Mean |
SD |
Mean |
SD |
Mean |
SD |
Mean |
SD |
F[1,56]2 p2 |
d13 |
d23 |
|||
|
|
|||||||||||||
|
General intelligence |
-0.034 |
1.094 |
|||||||||||
|
WAIS IQ |
72.2 |
9 |
72.2 |
9 |
113.3 |
10 |
115.8 |
10 |
0.86 |
0.36 |
-0.25 |
1.09 |
|
|
WAIS General knowledge |
18.2 |
3 |
17.7 |
3 |
58.2 |
9 |
58.8 |
9 |
0.07 |
0.79 |
0.97 |
||
|
WMS Digit span forward |
9.7 |
2 |
9.2 |
2 |
60.0 |
10 |
57.7 |
10 |
0.79 |
0.38 |
0.24 |
0.99 |
|
|
WAIS Similarities |
19.7 |
3 |
19.3 |
3 |
63.0 |
9 |
62.8 |
9 |
0.01 |
0.94 |
1.38 |
||
|
WAIS Picture completion |
12.4 |
2 |
12.7 |
2 |
61.1 |
10 |
63.2 |
10 |
0.74 |
0.39 |
-0.23 |
1.15 |
|
|
Visuo-motor performance |
-0.21 |
0.47 |
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|
WAIS Block design |
21.9 |
6 |
22.5 |
6 |
53.6 |
7 |
55.0 |
7 |
0.63 |
0.43 |
-0.21 |
0.47 |
|
|
Concentration, alertness and speed |
-0.41 |
0.05 |
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|
Trail making Test, part A |
37.5 |
11 |
34.4 |
11 |
50.1 |
7 |
53.5 |
7 |
3.67 |
0.06 |
-0.51 |
||
|
Trail making Test, part B |
79.3 |
27 |
74.6 |
27 |
53.7 |
7 |
55.6 |
7 |
1.11 |
0.30 |
-0.28 |
0.46 |
|
|
TAP Phasic alertness |
0.024 |
0.1 |
0.058 |
0.1 |
45.9 |
12 |
50.8 |
12 |
2.34 |
0.13 |
-0.41 |
-0.38 |
Δ |
|
Working memory |
-0.08 |
0.08 |
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|
WMS Visual span forward |
8.5 |
2 |
8.2 |
2 |
50.7 |
13 |
50.5 |
13 |
0.00 |
0.95 |
|||
|
WMS Visual span backward |
8.0 |
2 |
7.3 |
2 |
50.6 |
10 |
47.6 |
10 |
1.31 |
0.26 |
0.31 |
||
|
WMS Verbal span backward |
7.2 |
2 |
7.4 |
2 |
50.2 |
11 |
52.8 |
11 |
0.84 |
0.36 |
-0.25 |
||
|
TAP Working memory/errors |
4.9 |
4 |
6.3 |
4 |
52.35 |
11 |
505 |
10 |
2.08 |
0.16 |
0.39 |
0.23 |
|
|
TAP Response shifting/errors |
6.3 |
4 |
6.0 |
4 |
47.55 |
14 |
505 |
10 |
0.09 |
0.76 |
-0.20 |
||
|
TAP Divided attention/errors |
2.0 |
1 |
1.2 |
1 |
43.55 |
10 |
505 |
10 |
4.79 |
0.03 |
-0.58 |
-0.65 |
Δ |
|
WAIS Digit symbol |
53.3 |
11 |
54.0 |
11 |
56.3 |
9 |
57.1 |
9 |
0.12 |
0.73 |
0.61 |
||
|
Verbal memory |
0.40 |
-0.83 |
|||||||||||
|
WMS Logical memory recall |
22.5 |
7 |
21.7 |
7 |
42.2 |
9 |
41.5 |
9 |
0.09 |
0.76 |
-0.85 |
||
|
WMS Logical memory delay |
18.9 |
7 |
16.3 |
6 |
42.8 |
9 |
39.4 |
9 |
2.24 |
0.14 |
0.40 |
-0.83 |
|
|
AVLT Word list learning |
75.8 |
11 |
70.8 |
11 |
53.8 |
9 |
49.6 |
9 |
3.08 |
0.08 |
0.47 |
0.29 |
|
|
Visual memory |
0.93 |
0.83 |
|||||||||||
|
WMS Visual memory recall |
39.5 |
5 |
34.2 |
5 |
61.7 |
10 |
52.4 |
10 |
13.26 |
0.001 |
0.97 |
1.24 |
|
|
WMS Visual memory delay |
34.2 |
9 |
27.1 |
9 |
56.3 |
12 |
46.2 |
12 |
11.09 |
0.002 |
0.89 |
0.43 |
|
|
Frontal lobe functions |
0.24 |
0.42 |
|||||||||||
|
RWT Word fluency |
17.2 |
3 |
16.0 |
3 |
55.3 |
6 |
53.7 |
6 |
1.19 |
0.28 |
0.29 |
0.69 |
|
|
Design fluency |
30.6 |
7 |
29.3 |
7 |
51.5 |
9 |
50.2 |
10 |
0.53 |
0.47 |
|||
|
Psychomotor speed [TAP, 78] |
-0.39 |
-0.24 |
|||||||||||
|
Simple reaction time (RT) |
281.1 |
125 |
253.8 |
123 |
48.7 |
14 |
52.3 |
13 |
1.06 |
0.31 |
-0.27 |
||
|
RT with warning stimulus |
275.5 |
120 |
236.2 |
118 |
46.6 |
13 |
51.2 |
12 |
2.08 |
0.15 |
-0.39 |
-0.24 |
Δ |
|
RT working memory task |
687.7 |
229 |
556.5 |
226 |
46.2 |
12 |
53.5 |
12 |
5.91 |
0.02 |
-0.65 |
-0.36 |
Δ |
|
RT response shifting task |
869.9 |
275 |
847.3 |
270 |
48.0 |
12 |
52.3 |
12 |
2.06 |
0.16 |
-0.38 |
||
|
RT divided attention task |
702.5 |
96 |
665.8 |
94 |
42.8 |
10 |
46.8 |
10 |
2.56 |
0.12 |
-0.43 |
-0.69 |
Δ |
|
|
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|
1 Lower values indicate poorer performance 2 F-value for group effect adjusted for gender, nominal α 3 Effect sizes (>0.2): d1 relative to controls, adjusted for gender; d2 relative to the normative population; Δ: at least moderate attenuation of d1 and d2 suggesting potential reproducibility 4 Effect size median 5 Relative to controls. |
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|
Peper et al. Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source 2005 4:22 doi:10.1186/1476-069X-4-22 |
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